Whether you’re a patient or a caregiver, knowing how this treatment operates helps in preparing both mentally and physically. It is a widely used cancer treatment designed to precisely target tumors while minimising the impact on healthy tissue. By understanding what to expect during and after the therapy, patients can approach the process with greater confidence and peace of mind. Check out this simple breakdown of how radiation teletherapy works and what patients should expect throughout the process.
What is Radiation Teletherapy?
Radiation teletherapy uses high-energy rays to treat cancer by targeting and destroying cancer cells. Unlike surgical procedures, this therapy is non-invasive, meaning there is no cutting or physical removal of tissue. A machine outside the body delivers radiation beams directly to the tumor, sparing nearby healthy tissues as much as possible. The therapy is designed to break down the DNA of cancer cells, preventing them from growing and multiplying. Radiation teletherapy is effective for treating various cancers, including breast, prostate, and lung cancer.
How Does Radiation Teletherapy Work?
The process of radiation teletherapy involves multiple carefully planned steps to ensure precise delivery and effectiveness.
- Consultation and Assessment: The journey begins with a detailed evaluation by a radiation oncologist. The doctor determines the radiation dose based on the type, size, and stage of cancer.
- Treatment Planning: Imaging techniques such as CT and MRI scans are used to locate the tumour. These scans help doctors create a personalised treatment plan that directs radiation to the affected area while minimising exposure to surrounding healthy tissues.
- Delivery of Treatment: Patients lie on a treatment table, and a linear accelerator machine delivers radiation to the targeted area. The process is painless and lasts only a few minutes per session, but the course typically spans several weeks.
Radiation teletherapy works by damaging the DNA of cancer cells, making it impossible for them to repair and grow. Over time, these damaged cells die and are naturally eliminated by the body.
What to Expect Before Starting Radiation Teletherapy?
Preparation for radiation teletherapy is crucial to ensure safe and effective treatment.
- Initial Planning Session: Before starting treatment, patients undergo a simulation session. This session helps create a treatment plan that maps the exact location of the tumor using advanced imaging.
- Skin Markings or Custom Molds: Small tattoos or markers may be placed on the skin to guide the machine during treatment. Custom molds or masks might also be made to keep the patient still during therapy.
- Diet and Lifestyle Adjustments: Doctors may suggest dietary changes or prescribe medications to prepare the body for treatment. Staying hydrated and maintaining a healthy diet can also help reduce side effects.
This preparation stage helps both the medical team and the patient ensure the treatment is as precise and comfortable as possible.
What Happens During a Radiation Teletherapy Session?
Radiation teletherapy sessions are short, simple, and painless but involve detailed planning and precision.
- Patient Setup: Patients lie on a treatment table in a fixed position. Custom molds or positioning devices ensure the body remains still during the procedure.
- Radiation Delivery: The linear accelerator machine moves around the patient to deliver precise beams of radiation to the tumor. The process is painless, and no physical contact is involved.
- Time Frame: Each session lasts only 15-20 minutes, but the preparation and setup may take longer. Most patients need several sessions spread over weeks.
The sessions are designed to deliver maximum impact on the tumor while sparing nearby healthy tissues. Patients can resume daily activities immediately after each session.
Common Side Effects of Radiation Teletherapy
Like any treatment, radiation teletherapy can cause side effects, but they are usually manageable and temporary.
- Fatigue: Feeling tired is a common side effect as the body uses energy to repair itself. Rest and proper hydration can help combat fatigue.
- Skin Changes: The treated area might experience redness, dryness, or peeling. Using recommended creams or lotions can reduce discomfort.
- Localised Hair Loss: If the treatment area includes the scalp or face, hair loss in that area may occur.
Other side effects depend on the specific area being treated. For example, abdominal treatments may cause nausea, while chest treatments could lead to a sore throat. The healthcare team monitors side effects closely and provides guidance on managing them effectively.
Aftercare and Follow-Up
Post-treatment care is essential for recovery and tracking the success of radiation teletherapy.
- Follow-Up Appointments: After completing treatment, regular check-ups help monitor progress and detect any signs of recurrence. The doctor may also order imaging tests to evaluate the therapy’s effectiveness.
- Healthy Lifestyle: A balanced diet, regular exercise, and adequate sleep support recovery and overall well-being. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption to reduce the risk of complications.
- Communicating with Your Doctor: Patients should report any new symptoms or side effects immediately. Open communication ensures that any issues are addressed promptly.
Aftercare plays a significant role in maintaining health and maximising the benefits of radiation teletherapy.
Why is Radiation Teletherapy a Popular Choice?
Radiation teletherapy is widely regarded as one of the most effective cancer treatments available. Its precision allows doctors to target cancer cells while protecting healthy tissues. This makes it a suitable option for patients with localised cancers. Advances in technology have made the process quicker, safer, and more comfortable. Patients can continue their daily routines during treatment, which is a significant advantage. By offering effective results with minimal downtime, radiation teletherapy remains a preferred choice for many cancer patients.
Conclusion
Radiation teletherapy is a powerful tool in the fight against cancer, providing targeted and effective treatment with minimal disruption to daily life. In leading hospitals like Nanavati Max Super Speciality Hospital, every step, from treatment to aftercare, is designed to maximise results and ensure patient safety. Understanding the process helps patients approach treatment with confidence and reduces any fears or uncertainties. With proper guidance from healthcare providers and support from loved ones, patients can manage this journey successfully. Remember to prioritise follow-ups and a healthy lifestyle to enhance recovery and maintain long-term well-being.
